: Biometric System
With advances in bioscience, scientists have developed systems that identify any human being by comparing its face, eyes, hands, voice, brain, and genetic characteristics. We call this system Biometrics System. This technology is widely used by law enforcement agencies to identify criminals. Biometric data acts as a camera for individuals who have been identified as potential threats.
Biometric identification system is many times stronger than traditional system. Your credit card can be lost or stolen and then misused. Credit card powder can be cracked and stolen. Biometrics on the other hand is much more secure as it is extremely difficult to copy the genetic and physical intricacies of a human being. A biometric of any object must be ostensibly human.
How does biometric identification system work?
A biometric system consists of two parts: a sensor and a computer.
A sensor is a device that collects biometric data from a person being assessed, after which a computer processes the collected data. The computer creates a template by gathering the absolute information of the individuals. The data obtained is then compared with the previously saved database to see if the suspect's data matches the previously saved data or not. In law enforcement agencies, location identification is extremely sensitive, allowing anyone to access only a limited area
Biometric accuracy is assessed by one or more measurements. A specific scale is set for this. It considers three errors.
1:Failure to acquire rate.
2:False-positive rate.
3:False rejection rate.
The rate of these errors during biometric identification will be drastically reduced, reducing the number of suspicious persons who are detained unnecessarily. For example, an experiment conducted at Sydney airport found a false rejection rate of 2 percent, if the rejection rate was too low to prevent that person from traveling to another country. Is. This means the system may falsely reject many people.
Types of Biometric System:
Law enforcement agencies use biometric technology in a number of ways. Which includes facial recognition, fingerprint recognition, eye recognition, and voice recognition.
Facial recognition system:
In facial recognition, individuals are scanned from different aspects. From the acquired images, analysts examine various features such as skin tone, blood flow and the distance between facial lines. The face accuracy rate ranges from 51 to 94 percent.
Fingerprint identification:
Fingerprint identification is the oldest form of biometric system and has been in use since the 19th century. Efforts to automate fingerprint identification began in the 1960s. The fingerprint recognition system uses electronic fingerprint radar to detect where fingerprints begin, end, and split. These places are usually called minutiae points and these points form the basis of identification. Each finger has about 30 to 40 minutiae points. With current technology, the accuracy of the fingerprint identification system has become very secure. Fingerprints are now widely used in computers and mobile phones.
Eye recognition system:
In an eye recognition system, a person's iris is recorded by a digital camera and then converted into a template, which is then compared with a store database. The accuracy rate in this identification system is quite safe. An advantage of this biometric system is that each person's fingerprint is unique. But unlike fingerprints, there is no physical evidence found during the crime, so there is no more admissible evidence for physical evidence.
However, the use of this technology includes airport and border security purposes, passport and immigration control and banking identification and issuing drivers' licenses.
Voice recognition system:
In voice recognition system, voice is analyzed from different aspects to identify individuals. In this, the analyst examines various vocal organs such as windpipe, nasal cavity and vocal card. When a digital "voice signature" is recorded, a computer analyzes the voice by vocal organ and compares it to a pre-existing database to provide the data. But there are some problems with this biometric system as voice changes with age. Thus, background noise also causes problems in voice recognition.
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